1. Dry AMD:

• Most common form (about 80-90% of cases).
• Characterized by: Gradual thinning of the macula, accumulation of drusen (yellow deposits), and a slow progression of vision loss.
• Symptoms: Blurred or reduced central vision, difficulty recognizing faces, and trouble reading.
• Treatment: Currently, there is no cure, but certain lifestyle changes (like diet rich in leafy greens, regular exercise, not smoking) and vitamins (AREDS2 supplements) may help slow its progression.

2. Wet AMD:

• Less common but more severe.
• Characterized by: Abnormal blood vessels growing under the retina and macula, which can leak fluid or blood, leading to rapid and severe vision loss.
• Symptoms: Rapid onset of vision loss, dark spots in central vision, and straight lines appearing wavy.
• Treatment: Anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) injections, laser therapy, and photodynamic therapy (PDT) can help slow or stop the progression.

Risk Factors:

• Age: Most significant risk factor, typically affecting those over 50.
• Genetics: Family history of AMD increases risk.
• Lifestyle: Smoking significantly increases the risk, as does a diet low in fruits and vegetables.
• Race: More common in Caucasians.
• Cardiovascular health: High blood pressure and high cholesterol can contribute to the development of AMD.

Prevention and Management:

• Regular Eye Exams: Early detection is key.
• Healthy Diet: Rich in leafy greens, fish, and antioxidants.
• Quit Smoking: Smoking cessation is critical.
• Manage Cardiovascular Health: Keeping blood pressure and cholesterol in check.

AMD can severely impact quality of life, making early detection and management essential. Contact Hesla Optometry is you have any questions or feel that this condition might be something effecting you or a loved one.